![]() "That really shows the success of our first-class engineers and scientists. "It is incredible to read about the continuation of discoveries and publications years beyond Spitzer's end of mission," said Joseph Hunt, Spitzer project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Spitzer's observations of the system were among the last the satellite collected before it was decommissioned in January 2020. "In addition to potentially providing an atmosphere, these processes could churn up materials that would otherwise sink down and get trapped in the crust, including those we think are important for life, like carbon." "A big question in astrobiology, the field that broadly studies the origins of life on Earth and beyond, is if tectonic or volcanic activity is necessary for life," said co-author Jessie Christiansen, a research scientist at NASA's Exoplanet Science Institute at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. Planet c has already been approved for observing time on the James Webb Space Telescope, and the team thinks planet d is also an exceptional candidate for atmospheric studies by the mission. Temperatures could drop enough on the planet's night side for water to condense on the surface. If the planet is as geologically active as the research team suspects, it could maintain an atmosphere. ![]() Planet d sits on the inner edge of the habitable zone, the traditional range of distances from a star where scientists hypothesize liquid water could exist on a planet's surface. ![]() Jupiter and some of its moons affect Io in a similar way. These deformations can create enough internal friction to substantially heat the planet's interior and produce volcanic activity at its surface. On this elliptical path, planet d is slightly deformed every time it goes around the star. Each close pass by the more massive planet c produces a gravitational tug on planet d, making its orbit somewhat elliptical. The outer planet c is about 2.5 times Earth's size and more than seven times its mass.ĭuring each orbit, planets d and c pass very close to each other. The inner planet b is about 20% bigger than Earth. The team estimates it's only slightly larger and more massive than Earth.Īstronomers already knew about two other worlds in the system before this discovery, called LP 791-18 b and c. LP 791-18 d orbits a small red dwarf star about 90 light-years away in the southern constellation Crater. But the amount of volcanic activity we suspect occurs all over the planet could sustain an atmosphere, which may allow water to condense on the night side." "The day side would probably be too hot for liquid water to exist on the surface. ![]() "LP 791-18 d is tidally locked, which means the same side constantly faces its star," said Björn Benneke, a co-author and astronomy professor at iREx who planned and supervised the study. Hurt, T.They found and studied the planet using data from NASA's TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) and retired Spitzer Space Telescope, as well as a suite of ground-based observatories.Ī paper about the planet - led by Merrin Peterson, a graduate of the Trottier Institute for Research on Exoplanets (iREx) based at the University of Montreal - appears in the May 17 edition of the scientific journal Nature. Observations from space telescopes have revealed thousands of exoplanets of different of sizes, compositions, temperatures, and atmospheres, including seven rocky Earth-sized planets of the TRAPPIST-1 system, 40 light-years from Earth (artist’s illustration).
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